Immunology of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB): A Literature Review

Authors

  • Irene Oinike Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
  • dr. Dewi Wijaya, Sp.P(K) Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Riau, Arifin Achmad General Hospital, Pekanbaru, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36497/jri.v45i4.958

Abstract

One of the oldest infectious illnesses, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious global health concern. With an estimated 1.060.000 cases, Indonesia is the second-largest provider of tuberculosis cases worldwide after India. According to the Ministry of Health in 2024, 12.531 cases were MDR-TB/RR-TB. This number has increased compared to 2021, which was 7.876 cases. Resistance may occur primarily or secondarily. Primary resistance is caused by infection with a drug-resistant strain, while secondary resistance occurs during the treatment process. Secondary resistance is divided into intrinsic and acquired. In intrinsic resistance, infection is caused by TB germs that have evolved, causing resistance through several mechanisms, namely reducing cell membrane permeability, drug reflux, degradation and target modification, while acquired resistance is caused by chromosomal mutations in target genes during the treatment process. The immunological mechanism that play a role in the occurrence of resistance will be discussed in this literature review.

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Published

2025-10-31

Issue

Vol. 45 No. 4 (2025)

Section

Article Review

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Irene Oinike, dr. Dewi Wijaya, Sp.P(K)

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How to Cite

Immunology of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB): A Literature Review. (2025). Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia, 45(4). https://doi.org/10.36497/jri.v45i4.958