Pathophysiology of Haemoptysis in Lung Disease
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36497/jri.v43i1.441Keywords:
bronchial circulation, hemoptysis, pulmonary haemorrhage, pathophysiology hemoptysisAbstract
Hemoptysis is expectoration of blood with or without sputum originating from the lower airway. Hemoptysis is an alarming symptom that could
lead to massive bleeding and life-threatening condition. Based on the underlying disease, hemoptysis can occur through several different
pathological mechanisms. Mostly, hemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer, and pulmonary fungal
infections. The incidence rate of the causative diseases can differ depending on its geographical location. Pulmonary vascularization consists
of two circulation pathways namely the pulmonary circulation and bronchial circulation, each of which has its own role. As many as 90% of
cases of hemoptysis are caused by collapse of the bronchial arteries, due to increased pressure in its circuit. It is important to understand the
pathophysiology and pathomechanism of hemoptysis for further management on both diseases and also the clinical manifestasion.
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