Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax In Healthy Tall and Thin Male Secondary to Smoking: A Case Report and Literature Review

Authors

  • Budi Yanti Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-0764
  • Rina Marlena Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36497/jri.v43i3.554

Keywords:

Spontaneous pneumothorax, young, smoking, pulmonary emergencies

Abstract

Background: Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax (PSP) refers to the collapse of a lung without any underlying disease and is commonly observed in tall, thin young men, with smoking as an under-recognized risk factor. The management of PSP can vary significantly across different health centers. This case report highlights a young man with a pneumothorax without an underlying illness but has a smoking habit who initially gets treatment with an insertion of a chest tube.

Case: This study focused on a 19-year-old man complaining of sudden right chest pain. The patient was a smoker for the past four years, and the examination showed hypersonic and vesicular loss on the right side. The laboratory tests revealed normal limits, and the sputum indicated the absence of tuberculosis. Chest X-ray showed an avascular radiolucent area in the right lung, and a Chest CT scan confirmed the presence of a hypodense area of air density in the right hemithorax. Right PSP was diagnosed and managed using a chest tube drainage on admission. After four days of treatment, he exhibited improvement and was discharged. A recurrence of pneumothorax was not discovered in the subsequent six-month follow-up period.

Conclusion: Despite being a rare disorder, PSP should be considered during the physical examination of patients. It is also important to reassess the risk factors that can contribute to the onset of pneumothorax. The clinicians should be able to identify PSP and emphasize tall, thin, and young men at greater risk of pneumothorax in a pulmonary emergency.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

  • Budi Yanti, Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University
    respirology medicine

References

Čolić T, Leljak LČ, Žganjer M, Stipić D. Treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in pediatric patients: 15-yeas experience at a single-institution. Acta Chirurgica Croatica. 2020;17:17–20.

Stodghill JD, Collins DT, Mahajan AK, Khandhar SJ. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax: A pathway to practice. AME Med J. 2019;4:8.

Noppen M. Spontaneous pneumothorax: epidemiology, pathophysiology and cause. European Respiratory Review. 2010;19(117):217–9.

Ghisalberti M, Guerrera F, De Vico A, Bertolaccini L, De Palma A, Fiorelli A, et al. Age and clinical presentation for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Heart Lung Circ. 2020;29(11):1648–55.

Maglica M, Jurčević A, Jurčević B, Mišković J. Spontaneous pneumothorax in a young male athlete: A case report with review of literature. Indian Journal of Case Reports. 2023;9(1):26–8.

Hallifax R. Aetiology of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Clin Med. 2022;11(3):490.

Chaturvedi A, Lee S, Klionsky N, Chaturvedi A. Demystifying the persistent pneumothorax: role of imaging. Insights Imaging. 2016;7(3):411–29.

MacDuff A, Arnold A, Harvey J. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society Pleural Disease Guideline 2010. Thorax. 2010;65 Suppl 2(SUPPL. 2).

Hallifax RJ, Roberts M, Russell N, Laskawiec-Szkonter M, Walker SP, Maskell NA, et al. Pneumothorax management: current state of practice in the UK. Respir Res. 2022;23:23.

Feden JP. Closed lung trauma. Clin Sports Med. 2013;32(2):255–65.

Gilday C, Odunayo A, Hespel AM. Spontaneous pneumothorax: Pathophysiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis. Top Companion Anim Med. 2021;45:100563.

Wilson PM, Rymeski B, Xu X, Hardie W. An evidence‐based review of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in the adolescent population. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2021;2(3):e12449.

Tan J, Yang Y, Zhong J, Zuo C, Tang H, Zhao H, et al. Association between BMI and recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. World J Surg. 2017;41(5):1274–80.

Noppen M, Verbanck S, Harvey J, Van Herreweghe R, Meysman M, Vincken W, et al. Music: a new cause of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Thorax. 2004;59(8):722–4.

Cheng YL, Huang TW, Lin CK, Lee SC, Tzao C, Chen JC, et al. The impact of smoking in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009;138(1):192–5.

Choi W Il. Pneumothorax. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul). 2014;76(3):99–104.

Lyra R de M. A etiologia do pneumotórax espontâneo primário. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia. 2016;42(3):222–6.

Haynes D, Baumann MH. Pleural controversy: aetiology of pneumothorax. Respirology. 2011;16(4):604–10.

Gupta R, Patail H, Al-Ajam M. A rare case of bronchial elastosis: An unusual presentation of an unexpandable lung. Lung India. 2018;35(1):50–3.

Boone PM, Scott RM, Marciniak SJ, Henske EP, Raby BA. The genetics of pneumothorax. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019;199(11):1344–57.

Vallejo FAG, Romero R, Mejia M, Quijano E. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax, a clinical challenge. Amer K, editor. Pneumothorax. 2019;Ch. 2.

Tschopp JM, Bintcliffe O, Astoul P, Canalis E, Driesen P, Janssen J, et al. ERS task force statement: diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. European Respiratory Journal. 2015;46(2):321–35.

Downloads

Published

2023-07-31

Issue

Section

Case Report

Similar Articles

1-10 of 135

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.